KE
  • dotNet Web 3.0
  • Engineering Management
    • Process Planning (SDLC)
      • Software development process
      • Basics of SDLC models
      • Scrum
      • Kanban
      • Scrum vs Kanban: applicability
      • Scrumban
    • Estimation
      • Scope Concept
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      • Overestimate vs Underestimate
      • Decomposition and Recomposition
      • Analogy-based estimations
      • Estimating in Agile
  • Requirements
    • Software Requirements Engineering
      • Requirement definition
      • Levels of Requirements
      • Most common requirements risks
      • Characteristics of Excellent Requirements
      • Benefits from a High-Quality Requirements Process
      • Root Causes of Project Success and Failure
  • Design
    • OOD
      • Abstraction
      • Encapsulation
      • Inheritance vs Aggregation
      • Modularity
      • Polymorphism
      • Abstraction Qualities (cohesion, coupling, etc)
      • Types vs. Classes
      • Separation of concerns principle
      • SOLID
      • Design Patterns
        • Structural patterns
        • Creational patterns
        • Behavioral patterns
      • Most often used design patterns
      • Software Architecture Patterns (structure, pros & cons)
      • Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection pattern
      • Domain-Driven Design patterns
      • Anti-patterns
    • DB Design
      • Relational Terminology: Entities
      • Relational terminology: Attributes
      • Relational terminology: Records (Tuples)
      • Relationships (One-to-One, One-to-Many)
      • Understanding ER notation
      • Understanding normalization concept
      • Data Integrity
    • Modeling
      • UML: Basic Diagram Types
      • UML: Use Case Diagram (Essentials)
      • UML: Class Diagram (Essentials)
      • Entity Relationship Diagrams
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    • Security
      • Information security concepts
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      • Access Control Models
      • .NET Cryptography Model
      • ASP.NET Identity
      • OWASP Top 10
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      • Protecting against cross-site scripting attacks (XSS)
      • Protecting against buffer overrun attacks
      • Protecting against SQL-injection attacks
      • CSRF/XSRF protection
    • Algorithms
      • Algorithms complexity (understanding, big O notation, complexity of common algorithms)
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  • Construction Core
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      • Static Using Statement
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      • Custom attributes
      • Dispose and Finalizable patterns
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      • .Net Diagnostics
      • Implementing logging
      • Exception handling guidelines
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      • Span<T> struct
      • C# - What's new?
      • .NET Standard overview
    • Concurrency
      • Understand differences between Concurrency vs Multi-threading vs Asynchronous
      • Concurrency: An Overview
      • Async basics
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      • Basic Synchronization in C#
      • Deadlock problem
      • QueueBackgroundWorkItem or IHostedService for .NET Core
      • How to run Background Tasks in ASP.NET
    • Refactoring
      • Refactoring Concept (what/when/why)
      • Smells Catalog and possible re-factorings
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      • Organizing Data (basic)
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      • Simplifying Conditional Expressions (basic)
      • Making Method Calls Simpler
      • Dealing with Generalization
    • Product deploying, software installation
      • Create, configure, and publish a web package (.NET Web Profile)
      • Publishing Web Services
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    • Networking
      • Understanding networks: layers and protocols
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      • Defining internet, intranet and VPN
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      • Using proxy server
      • File transfer services: FTP, TFTP
      • Name resolution services: DNS, whois
      • Remote access services: Telnet, SSH, rdesktop, VNC
      • The basic difference between HTTP and HTTPS protocols
  • Construction Web
    • Web server applications
      • ASP.NET Core
        • Application startup
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        • Working with Static Files
        • Routing
        • Error Handling
        • Globalization and localization
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        • Hosting
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        • MVC basics (Model, View, Controller, DI)
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        • Controllers (Route to actions, File uploads)
      • Security and Identity (concepts understanding)
        • Authentication
        • Using identity
        • Authorization with roles
      • Bundle and Minify assets
      • Develop ASP.NET Core MVC apps
      • Advanced topics for ASP.NET Core MVC
        • Application model
        • Filters
        • Areas
        • Application Parts
        • Custom Model Building
        • IActionConstraint
      • Host and deploy ASP.NET Core
      • Migrate from ASP.NET to ASP.NET Core
      • Troubleshoot ASP.NET Core projects
      • Open Web Interface for .NET (OWIN)
      • Web server implementations in ASP.NET Core
    • Web Services
      • REST
      • ASP.NET Web API
        • Routing
        • Configuration
        • Basic error handling
      • Web API-based services
      • Web API Security
      • Token based security
      • SingalR
      • Serialization Frameworks
      • Implement caching
      • gRPC on ASP.NET Core
      • API versioning
      • API documentation
    • Microservices and Cloud
      • Microservices architecture
      • Dockerize a .NET Core application
      • Development workflow for Docker apps
    • JavaScript, HTML, CSS
      • JavaScript: Variables
      • JavaScript: Data types and types conversion
      • JavaScript: Operators
      • JavaScript: Control and Loop constructions
      • JavaScript: Functions, Execution Context and Variables scopes
      • JavaScript: Arrays
      • JavaScript: JS in WebBrowser and basic DOM manipulations
      • HTML: Basic elements
      • CSS: Simple Style rules
      • CSS: selectors
      • Box model
      • HTML: Standards and Browser compatibility
      • HTML: Page Layouts with divs
      • HTML: Frames
      • CSS: Elements positioning and layering
      • CSS: Tables properties
      • CSS: Flexbox
      • Different storage
      • JavaScript: Event Understanding (propagation, capturing, attach/detach)
      • JavaScript: Closure
      • AJAX/JSON
      • Ecma script 6: OOP
      • Promise
      • Strict mode of javascript
    • JavaScript Frameworks
      • Selecting elements
      • Operating on collection
      • Manipulating with elements, working with properties, attributes and data
      • Events
      • animation and effects
      • utilities and Ajax
      • SPA (SINGLE PAGE APPLICATIONS)
      • EcmaScript 6
      • UI frameworks basics:
      • NPM basics:
      • React basics
  • Construction DB
    • SQL
      • Tables, relationships, keys, constraints understanding
      • DDL, DML, DCL understanding
      • SQL data types
      • SQL operators, functions
      • Data manipulation (insert, update, delete)
      • Retrieving data (simple select statement)
      • Joins understanding
      • Creating, modifying, removing database objects
      • Aggregations (ORDER BY, GROUP BY, HAVING, SUM, COUNT, AVG, etc)
      • Combining the results of multiple queries (UNION, EXCEPT, INTERSECT, MINUS, subqueries)
      • Sessions, transactions, locks
      • Isolation levels understanding
      • Implementing stored procedures, user-defined functions, triggers
      • Cursors
    • Data Access Layer
      • Manage connection strings and objects
      • Working with data providers
      • Connect to a data source by using a generic data access interface
      • Handle and diagnose database connection exceptions
      • Manage exceptions when selecting, modifying data
      • Build command objects and query data from data sources
      • Retrieve data source by using the DataReader
      • Manage data by using the DataAdapter and TableAdapter
      • Updating data
      • Entity Framework
        • Query data sources by using EF
        • Code First to existing DB
        • Entity Data Modeling Fundamentals
        • Querying Data
        • Data modification
  • Verification
    • Code Quality
      • MSDN: Guidelines for Names
      • SDO Best Practices Catalog - Coding Standards
      • SDO Best Practices Catalog - Code Review Process
      • SDO Best Practices Catalog - Automatic Code Inspection
      • Automated coding standards enforcement (StyleCop, Resharper)
      • Code Reviews and Toolset
      • Use Work Items (TODO, BUG etc.)
      • Preemptive Error Detection
      • Desirable characteristics of a design (minimal complexity, ease of maintenance, minimal connectednes
      • Creating high quality classes
      • Creating high quality methods
      • Guidelines for initializing variables
      • Exceptions and error handling techniques
      • Best practices of working with data types
      • Code commenting practices
    • Automated Testing (principles, patterns, and practices)
      • Software testing basic concepts
      • Software testing concept
      • Test Case
      • Test Suite
      • Test Plan
      • Testing Levels
      • Naming standards for unit tests
      • Types of test doubles (Stub, Mock, Spy, Fake, Dummy)
      • Basic coverage criteria
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      • Goals of Unit Testing, What Makes a Test Valuable?
      • Styles of Unit Testing (Output / State / Collaboration)
      • Good unit test properties
      • F.I.R.S.T Principles of unit testing
      • Test Pyramid concept
      • Testing Pyramid, Agile Testing Pyramid, Diamond
      • Breaking the dependency, Interaction testing
      • Strategies for isolating the database in tests
      • Test smells and how to avoid
      • Test Organization patterns
      • Fixture setup patterns
      • Test double patterns
      • Feature-driven development (FDD)
      • Behavior-driven development (BDD)
      • Test-driven development (TDD)
      • Acceptance testing, Acceptance Test Driven Development (ATDD)
      • Continuous testing
    • Automated Testing (Frameworks, Tools, Libraries)
      • .NET unit test frameworks overview
      • .NET Mocking Frameworks, a comparison
      • xUnit
        • Primary test framework attributes
        • Asserts
        • Exception Handling in Unit Tests
        • Skipping Tests
        • Initialization and Cleanup (Assembly, Class, Test)
        • Data-driven Tests
      • NSubstitute
        • Mocking Method Calls (Using Mock Object, Return Values, Argument Matching)
        • Behavior Verification (Method Was/Not Called, a Specific Number of Times, Getter/Setter Was Called)
        • Throwing exceptions
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        • Returning Different Results for Sequential Calls
      • AutoFixture
      • EF Core InMemory test
      • Integration tests in ASP.NET Core
      • Isolating database data in integration tests
      • Test ASP.NET Core MVC apps
  • Configuration Management
    • Product builds and Continuous Integration
      • Automated build concept
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      • CI/CD Basic concepts
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      • Fundamental concepts: revisions, working copy, repository, branch, baseline, trunk
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      • Distributed Version Control basics
      • Distributed systems advantages and weak sides
      • VCS Management life-cycle on (one of) major tools (clone, commit, update, revert, merge, resolve, et
      • Branching/Merging strategies
      • Blaming (annotate)
      • Revision graph/log actions (Git)
      • Integrating with Issue Tracking Systems
      • Source control Best Practices
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On this page
  • Using the [Theory] attribute to create parameterised tests with [InlineData]
  • Using a dedicated data class with [ClassData]
  • Using generator properties with the [MemberData] properties
  1. Verification
  2. Automated Testing (Frameworks, Tools, Libraries)
  3. xUnit

Data-driven Tests

Using the [Theory] attribute to create parameterised tests with [InlineData]

xUnit uses the [Fact] attribute to denote a parameterless unit test, which tests invariants in your code.

In contrast, the [Theory] attribute denotes a parameterised test that is true for a subset of data. That data can be supplied in a number of ways, but the most common is with an [InlineData] attribute.

The following example shows how you could rewrite the previous CanAdd test method to use the [Theory] attribute, and add some extra values to test:

[Theory]
[InlineData(1, 2, 3)]
[InlineData(-4, -6, -10)]
[InlineData(-2, 2, 0)]
[InlineData(int.MinValue, -1, int.MaxValue)]
public void CanAddTheory(int value1, int value2, int expected)
{
    var calculator = new Calculator();

    var result = calculator.Add(value1, value2);

    Assert.Equal(expected, result);
}

Instead of specifying the values to add (value1 and value2) in the test body, we pass those values as parameters to the test. We also pass in the expected result of the calculation, to use in the Assert.Equal() call.

The data is provided by the [InlineData] attribute. Each instance of [InlineData] will create a separate execution of the CanAddTheory method. The values passed in the constructor of [InlineData] are used as the parameters for the method - the order of the parameters in the attribute matches the order in which they're supplied to the method.

If you run the tests for this method, you'll see each [InlineData] creates a separate instance. xUnit handily adds the parameter names and values to the test description, so you can easily see which iteration failed.

The [InlineData] attribute is great when your method parameters are constants, and you don't have too many cases to test. If that's not the case, then you might want to look at one of the other ways to provide data to your [Theory] methods.

Using a dedicated data class with [ClassData]

If the values you need to pass to your [Theory] test aren't constants, then you can use an alternative attribute, [ClassData], to provide the parameters. This attribute takes a Type which xUnit will use to obtain the data:

[Theory]
[ClassData(typeof(CalculatorTestData))]
public void CanAddTheoryClassData(int value1, int value2, int expected)
{
    var calculator = new Calculator();

    var result = calculator.Add(value1, value2);

    Assert.Equal(expected, result);
}

We've specified a type of CalculatorTestData in the [ClassData] attribute. This class must implement IEnumerable<object[]>, where each item returned is an array of objects to use as the method parameters. We could rewrite the data from the [InlineData] attribute using this approach:

public class CalculatorTestData : IEnumerable<object[]>
{
    public IEnumerator<object[]> GetEnumerator()
    {
        yield return new object[] { 1, 2, 3 };
        yield return new object[] { -4, -6, -10 };
        yield return new object[] { -2, 2, 0 };
        yield return new object[] { int.MinValue, -1, int.MaxValue };
    }

    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
}

Obviously you could write this enumerator in multiple ways, but I went for a simple iterator approach. xUnit will call .ToList() on your provided class before it runs any of the theory method instances, so it's important the data is all independent. You don't want to have shared objects between tests runs causing weird bugs!

The [ClassData] attribute is a convenient way of removing clutter from your test files, but what if you don't want to create an extra class? For these situations, you can use the [MemberData] attribute.

Using generator properties with the [MemberData] properties

The [MemberData] attribute can load data from an IEnnumerable<object[]> property on the test class. The xUnit analyzers will pick up any issues with your configuration, such as missing properties, or using properties that return invalid types.

In the following example I've added a Data property which returns an IEnumerable<object[]>, just like for the [ClassData]

public class CalculatorTests
{
    [Theory]
    [MemberData(nameof(Data))]
    public void CanAddTheoryMemberDataProperty(int value1, int value2, int expected)
    {
        var calculator = new Calculator();

        var result = calculator.Add(value1, value2);

        Assert.Equal(expected, result);
    }

    public static IEnumerable<object[]> Data =>
        new List<object[]>
        {
            new object[] { 1, 2, 3 },
            new object[] { -4, -6, -10 },
            new object[] { -2, 2, 0 },
            new object[] { int.MinValue, -1, int.MaxValue },
        };
}
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Last updated 5 years ago